Seminal Information Visualization Papers
I have been thinking about making a list of some of the most seminal information visualization papers. These are papers that have made an impact and can be widely seen in the media (print/web) or are being adopted in visualization software/systems such as VTK, Prefuse, Many Eyes and so on. I may have missed out on a few papers, so please feel free to add any that you think are ‘must-reads’ for an infovis researcher.
Click through for the list…
Disclaimer: The list in no particular order of preference.
Here’s the list:
- Cluster and Calendar based Visualization of Time Series Data, Jarke J. van Wijk and Edward R. van Selow, Proc InfoVis 99, p 4-9.

- Polaris: A System for Query, Analysis and Visualization of Multi-dimensional Relational Databases, Chris Stolte, Diane Tang and Pat Hanrahan, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 8, No. 1, January 2002.

- The Eyes Have It: A Task by Data Type Taxonomy for Information Visualizations, Ben Shneiderman, Proc. 1996 IEEE Visual Languages. An interesting sentence from the paper – “Information exploration is inherently a process with many steps, so keeping the history of actions and allowing users to retrace their steps is important. However, most prototypes fail to deal with this requirement.” I feel that with the amazing ‘provenance’ based work that Claudio Silva’s group at the University of Utah are doing on Vistrails, some of this is being finally addressed.
- How Not to Lie with Visualization, Bernice E. Rogowitz and Lloyd A. Treinish, Computers In Physics 10(3) May/June 1996, pp 268-273.

- Excentric Labeling: Dynamic Neighborhood Labeling for Data Visualization. Jean-Daniel Fekete and Catherine Plaisant. Proc. CHI’99, pages 512-519.

- VisDB: Database Exploration using Multidimensional Visualization, Daniel A. Keim and Hans-Peter Kriegel, IEEE CG&A, 1994

- Parallel Coordinates: A Tool for Visualizing Multi-Dimensional Geometry. Alfred Inselberg and Bernard Dimsdale, IEEE Visualization ‘90, 1990.

- Smooth and Efficient Zooming and Panning. Jack J. van Wijk and Wim A.A. Nuij, Proc. InfoVis 2003, p. 15-22

- Snap-Together Visualization: Can Users Construct and Operate Coordinated Views? Chris North, B. Shneiderman. Intl. Journal of Human-Computer Studies, Academic Press, 53(5), pg. 715-739, (November 2000)

- Hotmap: Looking at Geographic Attention Danyel Fisher, IEEE TVCG 13(6):1184-1191 (Proc. InfoVis 2007).

- Tree visualization with treemaps: a 2-d space-filling approach, Ben Shneiderman, ACM Transactions on Graphics, vol. 11, 1 (Jan. 1992) 92-99 and B. Johnson and B. Shneiderman, “Tree-maps: A Space Filling Approach to the Visualization of Hierarchical Information Structures“, Proc. of Vis ‘91, Oct. 1991, pp. 284-291.

- Danny Holten (2006), Hierarchical Edge Bundles: Visualization of Adjacency Relations in Hierarchical Data, IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 12, no 5, pp. 741-748.

- Tamara Munzner, Francois Guimbretiere, Serdar Tasiran, Li Zhang, and Yunhong Zhou (2003), TreeJuxtaposer: Scalable Tree Comparison using Focus+Context with Guaranteed Visibility, SIGGRAPH 2003 , published as ACM Transactions on Graphics 22(3), pp. 453-462.

- M. Stone, “Choosing Colors for Data Visualization“, 2006.

- Penny Rheingans (1999). Task-based Color Scale Design. Proceedings of Applied Image and Pattern Recognition ‘99, SPIE, pp. 35-43.

- F. Viegas, M. Wattenberg, F. van Ham, J. Kriss, and M. McKeon, “ManyEyes: A Site for Visualization at Internet Scale“, IEEE Trans. on Visualization and Computer Graphics, Vol. 13, No. 6, Nov.-Dec. 2007, pp. 1121-1128.

- J. Heer, S. Card, J. Landay, “prefuse: a toolkit for interactive information visualization“, Proceedings of ACM CHI ‘05, April 2005, pp. 421-430.

- John Lamping , Ramana Rao , Peter Pirolli, A focus+context technique based on hyperbolic geometry for visualizing large hierarchies, Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems, p.401-408, May 07-11, 1995, Denver, Colorado, United States
- S. Havre, B. Hetzler, and L. Nowell, “ThemeRiver: Visualizing Theme Changes over Time”, Proceedings of the 2000 IEEE Information Visualization Symposium, Salt Lake City, Oct. 2000, pp. 115-123. Image from Theme river inspired work - Stacked Graphs: Geometry & Aesthetics, Lee Byron, Martin Wattenberg, IEEE InfoVis 2008

- M. Wattenberg and J. Kriss, “Designing for Social Data Analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics Vol. 12, No. 4, Jul.-Aug. 2006, pp. 549-557.

Other than these papers, these invaluable books are used in almost all universities teaching a course on “Information Visualization”.
Books
- Tufte, Edward R. (2001). The Visual Display of Quantitative Information (2nd ed.). Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press. ISBN 0961392142.
- Tufte, Edward R. (1990). Envisioning Information. Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press. ISBN 0961392118.
- Tufte, Edward R. (1997). Visual Explanations: Images and Quantities, Evidence and Narrative. Cheshire, CT: Graphics Press. ISBN 0961392126.
- Few, Stephen (2004). Show Me the Numbers: Designing Tables and Graphs to Enlighten. Analytics Press. ISBN 978-0970601995.
- Few, Stephen (2006). Information Dashboard Design: The Effective Visual Communication of Data. O’Reilly Media. ISBN 978-0596100162.
- Few, Stephen (2009). Now You See It: Simple Visualization Techniques for Quantitative Analysis. Analytics Press. ISBN 978-0970601988.
- Ware, C. (2004) Information Visualization: Perception for Design. (2nd Edition) Morgan Kaufman. December, 435 pages.
- Ware, C. (2008) Visual Thinking for Design. Morgan Kaufman
- Casey Reas and Ben Fry (2007), Processing: A Programming Handbook for Visual Designers and Artists. MIT Press. 736 pages.
- Ben Fry (2007), Visualizing Data, O’Reilly. 384 pages.



Paul Adams
I’d add Elements of Graphing Data and Visualizing Data by William S. Cleveland, published by Hobart Press. I’d also add http://www.colorbrewer.org and papers by Cindy Brewer on choosing colors.
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Very useful selection indeed! For a more artistic / inspirational book I also recommend “Creative Code” by John Maeda. Ben Fry’s dissertation “omputational Information Design” shares some inspirational insights into the thoughts behind his “Isometric Blocks” visualization.
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Naomi,
Thanks for the great suggestions. Even after writing this list I feel like there are so many great papers that I’ve missed. I might add another short post on some other ‘must read’ papers. Please do feel free to let me know if you have other paper suggestions.
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@Benjamin Wiederkehr
Ben Fry’s dissertation has been a really nice resource. Thanks for the suggestion.
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Seminal Information Visualization Papers: I have been thinking about making a list of some of the most seminal i.. http://bit.ly/2ln1fY
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20 indepth and rather difficult essays on data visualization http://bit.ly/mGKrF
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20 indepth and rather difficult essays on data visualization
http://bit.ly/mGKrF via http://twib.es/B7A
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RT @asjs: 20 indepth and rather difficult essays on data visualization http://bit.ly/mGKrF via http://twib.es/B7A
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RT @datavis: RT @asjs: 20 indepth and rather difficult essays on data visualization http://bit.ly/mGKrF via http://twib.es/B7A
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20 Seminal Information Visualization Papers (listed in no particular order of preference) http://bit.ly/56xIT
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20 Seminal Information Visualization Papers: One notable omission, no mention of S-PLUS/R Trellis Graphs http://bit.ly/56xIT
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Liked “Seminal Information Visualization Papers | VizWorld.com” http://ff.im/-3wYE8
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RT @kshameer Liked “Seminal Information Visualization Papers | VizWorld.com” http://ff.im/-3wYE8
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@scoutstudios Do you know this site? http://bit.ly/12tULn
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An excellent list of 20 of the most seminal information visualization papers http://bit.ly/56xIT #infovis
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